Composite tie for railways.



No.790,373. I PATENTED MAY 23, 1905.

, J. MAOMARTIN.

COMPOSITE TIE FOR RAILWA YS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3, 190-1.

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attorney,

UNITED STATES Patented May 23, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES MAOMARTIN, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

COMPOSITE TIE FOR RAILWAYS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,373, dated. May 23,1905. Application filed August a, 1904. Serial No. 219,373.

- T CLZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known. that I, JAMES MACMARTIN, a

Albany, State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inComposite Ties for Railways, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to composite ties for supporting and securingrails in place on roadbeds of railways; and it consists in the noveldevices and parts and the novel combinations and arrangements of thesame hereinafter described, and set forth in the claims.

The objects of this invention are to produce 1 a composite tie madesectional for convenience of handling and combining in these sectionalparts a concrete anchoring part; a metal part embedded in the concretepart and adapted to be suitably connected with a coacting similar metalpart in a duplicate section; means for securely connecting said metalcoacting parts; rail-blocks of wood secured to the concrete anchoringparts and adapted to recleive and hold with spikes for holding with ra1s.

Other purposes and advantages will be clearly understood by thefollowing description when taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in two sheets, forming a part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a plan view of my invention, showing a series of thisimproved tie and rails secured therewith. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection of the composite tie. Fig. 3 is a trans verse section taken atdotted lines 1 in Fig. 1. .Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the woodblock. Fig. 5 is an end view of the same. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofthe concrete anchoring-block and incased channelbars and wood-blockcoupling-bolts. Fig. 7 is an end view of the same. Fig. 8 is a plan viewof the same. Fig. 9 is a side view of one side plate of a coupler and asection of the same. Fig. 10 is a channel-bar employed inside the mainchannel-bars, as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is an end view and a sectionof a thimble between the side plates of a coupler.

Fig. 12 is a view'of a coupler-bolt and its nut. Fig. 13 is a sideelevation showing a modification of the concrete block and seat forlocating the wood block. Fig. 14 is an end view of the same, and Fig. 15is a plan of the sameable wood, as southern pine, oak, or other woodemployed for ties in railway construction. This block is of suitableproportion and preferably of length about eighteen inches, in widthabout six inches, and in thickness about six inches, These dimensions,or any of them, may be greater or less according to the service requiredfrom the railway to-be constructed. For heavy traffic this block A maybe made with a width of eight or ten inches, while for light traffic adepth of five inches with a width of six inches may suffice. This blockA is provided with vertical perforations a a for receivingcoupling-bolts 7) b, which are about twelve inches, more or less, apartfrom centers. made central in larger perforations a a sunken to a depthadapted to receive a washer and a nut of thickness corresponding withthe bolt 6.

B is a concrete block for service as an anchoring-block for the tie andis preferably produced by molding for exact duplication of the same, andpreferably is made of a standard cement, sand, or finely-broken stone,and small stone in proportion of onepart of cement, two parts of sand orfinely-broken stone, and four parts of one-half inch or less of brokenstone. These proportions of said substances may be variedas maybe foundto be advantageous. This block B is made with suitable dimensions as tolength, Width, and

These perforations are thickness and with exterior form for adapting itto hold with the ballast of the road-bed and from an endwise shifting ineither direction, and also for preventing the wood block A, by means ofside-guard portion 7/, from being moved outward by the outward thrust ofthe wheels against the inner side of the rails when on curves, andthereby prevent a spreading of rails. At present I prefer to producethis concrete anchoring-block for general use about three feet long, ormore or less, as may be found to be advantageous, and with a width aboutcorresponding with that of the wood block and with a depth correspondingwith that of the latter. Intermediate of these blocks is a couplingdevice C for coaction with a coupling-bar D, which coacts with a similarcoupling-bar of a duplicate concrete anchoring-block. This coupling-barD consists of a pair of channel-bars (Z (Z, made with a lengthsuflicient for extending longitudinally through said block to within ashort distance of the outer end of the same and inward to a furtherdistance, so as to terminate at a point equal to half the width of thetrack between the rails, as the gage of the track may require. Thesechannel-bars (Z (Z are of equal length and preferably are about threeinches, more or less, in width, withflanges (Z about one inch andonehalf, more or less, as may be found to be advantageous. E Eareregistering pins passed through perforations e c, which register in saidchannel-bars (Z (Z and receive pins E E, which preferably are of roundrod about three-quarters of an inch, or more or less, in diameter. Theseperforations 0 preferably are a little larger in diameter than the pinsE for allowance of longitudinal contraction of said channel-bars in coldweather in relation to the concrete block B, and they serve as a meansfor preventing the concrete block from shifting longitudinally in eitherdirection in relation to said coupling device C. Vertical perforations cc, Fig. 2, of like diameter as perforations (Z (Z are provided in theblock B, in alinement with the line of middle of Width of said block,and also in alinement with perforations (Z (Z in the wood block A, sothatv said perforations (Z (Z may register with perforations 0 0 andconjointly serve as bolt-holes for receiving the vertical coupling-boltsF F for holding the wood block A securely fixed on the concrete block B.These coupling-bolts F F have their heads f, same figure, on their lowerends and against washer f, which washer has bearing against the lowerside flanges (Z' (Z of the channel-bars (Z (Z of this coupling device D,as shown in Figs. 2 and. 3. The inner extended portions (Z (Z of thechannel-bars (Z (Z terminate at the middle of the track, whatever itsgage may be, and these extended portions (Z (Z are provided with likeperforations {7, which register in each extension with those of theother.

The coupling; deviceGconsists of two plates 0 c, of greater thicknessthan the channel-bars (Z (Z for insuring both their tensile strength andstiffness. Between the plates 0 0, made with registering ymrforations c,are arranged short tubular pieces 0 Figs. 1, 2, and 11, in numbercorresponding with the number of perforations in the extension portionsu. (Z of both pair of channel-bars, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Thiscoupling device 0, comprising duplicate side plates 0 c, Fig. 9, withtheir registering perforations c c and tubular pieces 0 Fig. 11, isplaced in between the extended portions (Z d" of the pairs ofchannel-bars provided with each pair of concrete blocks when being laidready for being coupled together by bolts 0" a", as shown in Figs. 2 and12.

When this composite .tie is to be laid, two duplicate sections, Figs. 1and 2, are coupled together by cou pling device G,abovc described and asshown in the drawings, and the wood blocks A will be placed on theconcrete blocks with a side thereof against the guard l), with theperforations (Z receiving the couplingbolts Z), fixed in the concreteblocks, when the nuts Z of said bolts will be screwed down tight in thelarge perforations provided to receive the said nuts, as shown in Figs.2 and 4. The rails may now be laid on the wood blocks, as required bythe gage-measure, and are secured in place by spikes Gr Gr, as shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 3. When the road-bed has been prepared and has receivedits ballast, whether of sand or gravel, the concrete blocks will beanchored therein from moving in either direction and will support thewood blocks wholly above the soil liable to become wet, so that saidblocks will generally remain dry and be preserved in best condition forservice for a much longer time than when subjected to periods ofalternate dryness and saturation, as ties are generally.

In this composite tie the coupling devices are in alinement and are heldfrom shifting in relation to the concrete blocks and not liable tobecome elongated because of absence of bends and offsets in the lengthof the bars which connect said concrete blocks.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 the concrete block is shown to have its cornersslightly rounded and its sides and end slightly inclined and the seatfor locating the wood block slightly sunken, so that the coupling-boltsmay be entirely relieved from lateral strain. 'lhese modifications ofexterior form of the concrete block may be employed or omitted, aspreferred, without changing the functions and purposes of the parts ofthis composite tie.

These wood blocks may be produced cheaply with a saving of much valuabletimber to the public.

described, provided on its upper side with a seat and projected guardfor locating a wood tie-block, of a coupling device consisting of twoparallel channel-bars arranged longitudinally and in part interior insaid block and provided with registering'perforations and placed at asuitable distance apart, of metal registering pins in the perforationsin said bars for locating said channelbars within said concrete block.

2. In a sectional composite tie, the combination with a concrete blockof proportions described, provided on its upper side with a seat and aprojected side guard for locatinga wood tie-block, of a coupling deviceconsisting of two parallel c'hannel-bars'arranged longitudinally and inpart interior in said block, and provided with registering perforationsplaced at a suitable distance apart; metal pins for locating said barsin said block and holding them from longitudinally shifting; verticalcoupling-bolts in the said concrete blocks and between saidchannel-bars, holding with the lower side of the same, and extendedupward above the seat for locating a wood tieblock.

8. In a sectional, composite tiethe combination with a concrete blockdescribed, coupling devices consisting of parallel channelbars placed atsuitable distances apart and extended through said block and from nearthe outer end of the same part to the middle of length of the sectionaltie of registering pins through registering perforations in said barsand holding with the substance of said block, registering perforationsin the extended portion of said channel-bars adapted to register withperforations in a coupling device adapted to connect the said extended-ends with the extended end portions of a similar coupling device of aduplicate section of a composite tie.

4:. In a sectional composite tie, the combination with two couplingdevices comprising each two parallel channel-bars set at like suitabledistances apart and provided with like registering perforations andadapted to stiffen and hold with duplicate concrete blocks when interiorin the same; and horizontal pins through said registering perforations,of a coupler consisting of two plates, having perforations registeringwith'the other registering perforations in said channel bars and adaptedto be received against the inner sides of said bars, tubular piecesbetween said plates at said registered perforations and couplingboltsfor clamping the contiguous end portions of the channel-bars againstsaid couplerplates,

5. In a sectional composite tie, the combination with two duplicateconcrete blocks described, provided on their upper sides with means forlocating a pair of wood tie-blocks, of two pairs of channel-bars eachpair being a duplicate of the other pair, register pins in similarregistering perforations for holdingwith the duplicate concrete blocks,vertical coupling-bolts fixed in the two concrete blocks and holdingwith the lower flange edges of both the channel -bars in each of the twoblocks, and means for rigidly connecting the inner portions of the twopairs of channelbars.

6. In a sectional composite tie, the combination with the wood tie-blockdescribed, for support of the rail and for holding the base thereof frommoving in relation to the tie and provided with vertical perforations,at equal distances from the point of middle of length of said block, forreceiving coupling-bolts and with larger perforations for receiving thenuts of said bolts; of a concrete block provided on its upper side witha'seat and-an upward pro jected side guard for locating said wood block;a longitudinal interior metal coupling device holding with the substanceof the concrete block and stiffening the same; coupling-bolts holdingwith the lower edges of said metal couplingd evices and projected upwardthrough the said block and into the vertical perforations provided inthe wood block and secured.

7. In a sectional composite tie, the combination with a wood tie-block,with perforations described, provided with bolt-holes at equal distancesfrom the point of middle of said block and the concrete block forservice as a base anchoring device to said Wood block, and ofconstruction adapted to locate the said block for receiving a rail, of acoupling device formed by two longitudinal parallel bars at suitabledistances apart interior in said concrete block and adapted to becoupled with a similar coupling device, coupling-bolts be-' tween saidbars and having their lower ends holding with the lower edges of thesame and extended upward through the substance of the concrete block andthrough the wood block and secured.

8. In a composite tie, the combination with two pairs of equallongitudinal channel-bars in alinement and connected at the middle ofthe aggregated length of said. bars by a coupling device rigidly fixedbetween the inner end portions of the two pairs of channel-bars, meansfor securing said bars from shifting longitudinally in either directionin relation to each other in said pairs, vertical couplingbolts betweenthe bars of each pair and holding with the lower edges of the same, andextended upward, of two concrete blocks each incasing the outer endportions of a pair of said channel-bars and incasing the verticalcoupling-bolts and also the means employed for preventing a longitudinalshifting of said bars, and tWo Wood blocks of proportions dcin relationto each other by the anchoring of scribed seated on the seats andagainst a prothe concrete blocks in the ballast material of jected sideof each concrete block and secured the road-bed.

thereto by said coupling-bolts; whereby two JAMES MAGMARTJ N. 5 parallelrailway-rails may be secured to said 1 Witnesses:

Wood blocks by spikes, at the same time the CHARLEs SELKIRK,

Wood blocks are securely held from moving HARRY VVICIIMANN.

